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Carrington solar storm

1 – 2 September 1859 The whole Earth; flare observed at Redhill, near London · Worldwide

Carrington solar storm
Image: Richard Christopher Carrington · Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons
0Deaths
Not quantifiedDisplaced / homeless
Not quantifiedEstimated cost

On 1 September, British astronomer Richard Carrington observes the first solar flare ever described. Less than 18 hours later, a burst of solar material hits the Earth and triggers the strongest geomagnetic storm on record.

Consequences

Human consequences

Auroras are seen as far south as the Caribbean; in the north-eastern United States they are so bright that people can read a newspaper in the middle of the night.

Environmental consequences

The northern and southern lights reach unusual latitudes, down to the tropics.

Economic consequences

The telegraph network is disrupted in Europe and North America: operators get electric shocks, paper catches fire, and some lines even work without batteries.

Political consequences

It is the reference scenario: a storm of this size today could damage satellites and power grids, hence the space weather services created since.

Further reading

Similar disasters

Explore it on the 3D globe. See this disaster among 88 of the major disasters in history, from Pompeii to the present day, with its spread, its timeline and comparable events.

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